ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Osteogenic potential of human-derived advanced platelet-rich fibrin and albumin platelet-rich fibrin: An in vitro study

Lavanya Subramani1 Varshini Raman1 Vamsi Lavu1*
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1 Department of Periodontology, Sri Ramachandra University Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Submitted: 4 November 2025 | Revised: 6 June 2026 | Accepted: 12 June 2026 | Published: 4 August 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). Licensee Biomaterials Translational, USA. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en)
Abstract

Platelet concentrates (PCs) have been widely used in regenerative therapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare, in vitro, the biological characteristics and osteogenic potential of two different solid forms of platelet-rich fibrin: Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) and albumin platelet-rich fibrin (Alb-PRF). Blood samples were collected from three healthy volunteers to assess the effects of Alb-PRF- and A-PRF-conditioned media on commercially available MG-63 cells in vitro and to evaluate platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA release from Alb-PRF and A-PRF samples incubated directly in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM). The cell-response assays included MG-63 cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin gene expression, and mineralization; PDGF-AA release from A-PRF and Alb-PRF samples incubated directly in DMEM was also evaluated. Alb-PRF samples incubated directly in DMEM showed numerically higher PDGF-AA release than A-PRF samples at the evaluated time points. In cell assays, Alb-PRF-conditioned medium increased MG-63 cell proliferation at 7, 14, and 21 days compared with A-PRF-conditioned medium and DMEM alone. MG-63 cells exposed to Alb-PRF-conditioned medium also showed increased ALP activity at earlier time points, namely 7 and 14 days, higher osteocalcin gene expression on day 21, and greater mineralized nodule formation after 21 days of culture compared with cells exposed to A-PRF-conditioned medium or DMEM alone. These findings suggest that Alb- PRF may promote sustained growth factor release, cell proliferation, osteogenic gene expression, and mineralization in MG-63 cells over extended culture periods compared with A-PRF, indicating its potential relevance for tissue engineering applications.

Keywords
Healthcare
Regeneration
Platelet-rich fibrin
Platelet-derived growth factor
In vitro techniques
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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